In other words, one half step higher makes a key sharp, while a half step lower makes it flat.Įnharmonics are notes that are the same pitch but are known by at least two different names. The key to the right of D can be called D# but since it is to the left of E it can be called E flat as well. Each black key is usually represented by two note names, but in theory, they can have other names (as we shall talk about later).Įxamples of keys having two names: The key to the right of C can be called C#, but since it is to the left of D, it can be called Db as well. It depends on the key signature of the music and the choice of the composer.

The black keys on your piano can be either sharp or flat. Anytime you see a flat symbol before any note on a piece, go one piano key to the left. A♭ is one semitone lower than A, and so on. E♭ is one semitone (half step) lower than E and is the key to the immediate left of E on your piano. B♭ is the black key to the immediate left of B on your piano. For instance B♭ is a semitone lower than B. When you come across a flat sign, you are to play the note that is a semitone lower. When you come across a sharp before a note on a musical piece, it means to play the note one half step (semitone) higher. In terms of its effect on a note, this sign is basically the opposite of a sharp sign.

Highly Recommended: Click here for one of the BEST piano/keyboard courses I’ve seen online. When typing, we normally use the regular lowercase letter, “ b” to represent this sign, but the actual symbol is ♭ which is is a stylized lowercase “b”.

Flat io clef middle of measure